What is it called when the interviewer unconsciously projects emotions, thoughts, and expectations onto the patient?

The phenomenon where the interviewer unconsciously projects emotions, thoughts, and expectations onto the patient is known as countertransference. This concept is crucial in therapeutic settings as it refers to the therapist's emotional reaction to the client that stems from the therapist's own experiences, feelings, and unresolved issues. Several factors, such as the therapist's mood, personal history, or experiences with similar cases, can influence these responses.

Countertransference can impact the therapeutic relationship and the effectiveness of therapy, as therapists might unintentionally allow these projections to interfere with their professional judgment and the client's care. Recognizing and managing countertransference is essential for maintaining objectivity and supporting the client's needs effectively.

Understanding this concept helps practitioners remain aware of their own emotional responses and work through them to provide better client care. In contrast, projection involves attributing one's own feelings or experiences to others, while transference is the client's projection of feelings and attitudes toward the therapist, and bias refers to a preconceived notion that may influence judgment.